Indegenous Employment And The Issue Of Email - Internet And Digital Lit

Question: Discuss about the Indegenous Employment And The Issue Of Email, Internet And Digital Literacy. Answer: Introduction Information Communications Technology has a big impact in the lives of the Indigenous Australians, since the ICT in these communities and lives, play vital roles, in education, living and the way they communicate among themselves and also among the communities. The major role of the ICT, during the great rate of the technological change, is in affecting the pedagogy of education and infrastructure of the education. ICT was seen before as only a potential role to teach the literacy of computer, however, going forward and increase technology, it has been recognized that the ICT can delivery various kinds of learnings, all with much lower cost, compared to the traditional learning and infrastructure. The Indigenous community has especially, gets benefited in multiple roles, by welcoming these technologies in their day to day life. However, the number of negative effects of the technology is not less than the number of positive effects and benefits, because of the famous saying that the technology is a double edged sword, and it can even take the lives, if the technology is not used in the right way. Discussion 1 Are indigenous online users likely to have secure systems or to be insecure compared to other users? There are huge benefits of using Information and Communication Technology in the remote and Indigenous Australia. However, there are numerous issues and obstacles involved in the ICT project delivery. These issues and obstacles can be classified as, Awareness Accessibility Affordability Appropriateness Among the four obstacles, the first obstacle is the awareness (Edmonds, et al., 2012). According to Perlgut and the reports, cost and digital literacy stand as key limiting factors to explore and use the Information and Communication Technology and the report argued that digital inclusion is well needed towards achieving full participation in education, society-economic, health and civic engagement. Despite several Federal and state government sponsored and delivered programs, to improve the awareness of IT, skill and update, there is a huge and significant proportion of the remote Indigenous population that exist with little or zero awareness of the ICT usage. But ICT has become a primary means to communicate and access the information, services and the content of the media, the unfortunate digital divide is going to increase, having no substantial increase in the awareness and training programs, applications relevant to these programs and content to embed the ICT values effectively. According to Coombes, effectiveness of the delivery models of the training stand as crucial factors to the engagement (Coombes, 2010). According to Coombes, responsive to priorities of the trainee, traditional structured training that is given traditionally. Ngaanyatjarra Media has developed many strategies to increase the awareness of the ICT among the Indigenous Australians, including gender-based delivery, conducting activities in various locations and also at varied times in a day, towards reducing the kinship avoidance relationships issues. The e-centre coordinators have provided continuous and peer-training and on-going access to the facilities of ICT beyond the roving trainers visits, locally (Randoll, 2014). According to Joint Select Committee on Cyber Safety report in 2013, generation gap in the use and knowledge of the technology of mobile and social media, between the parents, elders and youth of the indigenous communities, cyber bullying has been going on and it needs educational programs (Joint Select Committee on Cyber Safety Report, 2013). It is an indication that the Indigenous Australians are less aware about the Information and Communication Technology. It is evident that lack of awareness and fair knowledge about the ICT, would eventually result in knowing little about the threats associated with the respective technology. When the Indigenous Australians have the concern and issue of the awareness of the ICT and the respected computer technologies, it gives a clear indication that they are vulnerable, in terms of exploitation and victimization from the cyber-crimes that are prominent throughout the cyber world (Morel, 2014). They eventually do not tend to have secure systems. It shows the fact that the Indigenous people in Australia live in insecure life, compared to the non-indigenous people in Australia. The online users do not have enough knowledge to protect themselves, by protecting their online credentials. Discussion 2 Are indigenous people likely to have a mobile device (Smart Phone or Tablet)? According to Dyson, some of the indicators are found in the form of observed trends, towards understanding of the Indigenous priorities for the Information and Communication Technologies, as the following (Dyson, et al., 2007). Private and individual ownership of the computers as well as the mobile phones is taken up, by the population, who have the affordability, through is hardly any connection found among them. The priorities of the Indigenous communities are lost cost mobile phone plans With the introduction of the mobile phones in Ng lands, especially, by 6 communities in 2013, mobile phones became a must-have gadget for the population of Yarnangu. These mobiles are used to enable communication with friends, family and the community members Other mobile and computing devices, such as Tablets also have become popular and population of Yarnangu have started using the mobile phones for covering most of the events on their personal iPhones. The new generation is quick enough to understand the basic mobile technology and very much willing to explore and use possible applications and functions and also tend to share the knowledge explore with the peers and family members. Mobile phone number has become more associated with an identity of an individual, rather it being a shared resource with the family members (Brady Dyson, 2009). Regularly talking and conversing over the mobile phone has become common in the aboriginal communities. Some of the communities have started using the smartphones, with the mobile network, to stay connected with the family members, during the visits to larger communities and regional towns. Some of the communities, like Warburton, locates mobile tower, resulting the accessibility and capability to use smartphones, iPhones for accessing the WiFi and Next G, etc. In addition to the inclined use of the mobile phones in the day to day life of the population of the aboriginal communities, the need for the mobile phones has been increasing steadily, because of the need of it as a reference for identity, by the social networking sites, such as Facebook, etc. By considering all the above 10 factors, it can be perceived and concluded that the population of the Indigenous community is very much willing to use the mobile phones, not only for communicating, but for various other applications, such as browsing internet, using as multimedia device, etc. (Dyson, et al., 2007). Going forward, more and more number of mobile devices, including smartphone devices, iPhones will be used and usage of these mobile devices will soon become as a basic and primary need for the population in the Indigenous communities. Discussion 3 How do these usage statistics affect indigenous people and their prospect of enjoying life, gaining employment, and becoming financially secure? Education of the aboriginal Australian becomes an important factor, while analysing various aspects of their lives, such as use of technology, employment and also financial security (ABS, 2015). According to statistics from ABS, the population of the students, who are attending the schools for education is given as before. The figure shows and gives the statistics of Increase in number of students attending, by 4.2% in from Torres Strait Increase of students from ACT to 7.5% Increase of students from Victoria to 6.8% Increase of students from South Australia to 6.4% Total number of aboriginal and Torres Strait students s 200,563 The students contribute to 5.3% of total student population Admission of these students into government schools is 84% Admission of these students into catholic schools is 10.4% Admission of these students into independent schools is, 5.5 The above statistics show, the percentage of aboriginal students, from various geographical locations (ABS, 2015). Students from New South Wales 32% Students from Queensland 29.9% Students from Western Austala 12.9% and so on. These statistics show positive sign of increase studentship in the aboriginal communities and so the awareness and use of the Information and Communication Technology keeps improving. According to the above statistics and usage of the mobile technology and digital technology, it can be perceived and anticipated that their prospect to enjoy their lives, increase employment opportunities and gain financial security. Discussion 4 How important is security to indigenous people? Security is important for the indigenous people, as they are considered as more vulnerable group and can easily be exploited by the people, who have fair access and understanding of the urban area and also use of the Information and Communication Technologies (Allison, 2007). The use of the mobile phones, computer and internet technology and increase presence and visibility over the online portals tend to increase more and more issues related to the personal and digital security of an individual in Indigenous communities. These issues and concerns of security, such as cyber safety issues, are to be addressed and the exploitation has to be minimized with potential strategies. There are many security issues involved and identified for the Indigenous people in Australia. Some of these issues are raised by Ng Council (Altman Hinkson, 2007) Having understood the importance and potential of security issues, there are many projects that have been initiated by the Australian government. Ngaanyatjarra Council has been initiated to provide collective decision making and regional cohesion for the overall 12 communities, which promotes the sense of security, for the Indigenous population in Australia (Auditor-General, 2011). Conclusion The role of Information and Communication Technology is enormous in the lives and lifestyle fo the Indigenous community, since they are in very initial stages of using and influenced by the technology. There is a major impact in the learning system and the way they represent themselves to the external world and the way they communicate among themselves and with the external world. The increased use of the mobile technology and internet technology by the Indigenous communities in Australia, increasing the duration of their presence online, so each and every moment they stand online is vulnerable, as all their personal details and their actions can be accessible by the external world and there is a fair chance of getting bullied by the cybercrimes and also may end up, becoming victims of the cybercrimes. However, the use of technology has been increased as the benefits of these technologies have been identified and satisfied by these populations. The statistics show that their ways of interacting with the technology with half knowledge and unawareness about the potential threats on their lives, emphasize better training and learning of using the technology to use it in the right ways. 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